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The Writing Process GENERAL STEPS IN THE WRITING PROCESS 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Prewriting and Planning Good planning and preparation are the keys to good writing. a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Thinking The first thing that writers should learn about writing is that it starts with thinking. Those who learn to write well know that a good deal of thinking needs to take place before any writing happens. Many people who have trouble writing have trouble because they don't know how to get started. A writer needs to start by thinking about the topic. Usually, in professional life or college, the topic is given, at least in a general way. For example, you may be assigned to write a marketing proposal for next year, or write a position paper on how the new Eurodollar will impact international exchange rates. Start by just thinking about the topic. Let your mind center on it. What do you already know about the topic? What don't you know? What do you need to know? b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gathering Information Begin brainstorming and perhaps jotting down information and ideas. Let your mind flow with the topic. Don't concern yourself with what the information or ideas are; just write down anything related to the topic that occurs to you. If it helps you to make mind maps, use other graphics, or make lists, do so. Brainstorm until you can't think of anything else to jot down. Be as specific as possible with any details. After you've finished brainstorming, look back at the information and ideas you've thought of and written down. Review the material to see if anything else occurs to you. Think about what other information you might need to gather. What else do you need to know? What questions might someone have about your information? Make a note or two about where you think you could find the information you still need. If you need to go to other sources, such as the library or databases, to get information and do some research, then do so. Make copies, mark them up, highlight passages, etc. When you've gathered all the information you think you'll need, stop and check. You need a lot of information and details to work with, of course, but check to see that you have the most basic information: the 5Ws+H. Do you have all the information for your topic regarding who, what, where, when, why, and how? Do you have names and specific details? If you discover you are missing any information or necessary details, go back to your sources and get them.

Christo and Jeane Claude Essay

Christo and Jeane Claude are a husband and wife team. These two artists are famous for transforming the ordinary into fabulous artwork, such as wrapping buildings. They accept no government grants or funding, no donations, their only income is from the sales of their artwork. Nearly all of their artshows take place outdoors, often in public parks requiring no admission fees. Their identity or famous slogan as the wrapping artists came from their controversial work named Wrapped Reichstage, Berlin, 1971-1995, an entire German Parliament Building in silver fabric looking like a wedding cake. (Sternbergh,no date). Many significant national symbols have been transformed and giving new identities by many artists. Buildings, nature’s creations, world events have become best selling books, movies, musicals, songs and plays. Anytime an artist develops anything, adding their identity to it, the item takes on that new image. The Christos saw buildings in a way no one else saw it. The Reichstage building in Berlin became a piece of sculpture or artwork when Christo and Jeane Claude wrapped the building. Artwork expands on natural traditions, allowing others to use their imaginations to interpret the meanings. â€Å"The Christos have created some of the most breathtaking works of the 20th century using fabric in, over through and around natural and constructed forms† Powell, director of national art gallery. The Christos use fabric to give an original style to traditional paintings, sculptures and buildings† (no author, 2002).Wrapping the Reichstage building, giving the illusion of a wedding cake transformed the building into an artistic sculpture. Notes; Sternbergh, Adam (no date) The passion of the Christos; New York Entertainment; nymag. com date retrieved July 24, 2007 http://nymag. com/nymetro/arts/features/10897/ No author (2/4/2002) First American Survey of Christo and Jeanne Claude; artdaily. org; Date retrieved; July 24, 2007 http://www. artdaily. com/section/news/index. asp? int_sec=2&int_new=48&b=Christo%20and%20Jeanne-Claude

The Ancient Mesopotamian Urban Community of Ur

The Ancient Mesopotamian Urban Community of Ur The Mesopotamian city of Ur, known as Tell al-Muqayyar and the biblical Ur of the Chaldees), was an important Sumerian city-state between about 2025-1738 BC. Located near the modern town of Nasiriyah in far southern Iraq, on a now-abandoned channel of the Euphrates river, Ur covered about 25 hectares (60 acres), surrounded by a city wall. When British archaeologist Charles Leonard Woolley excavated in the 1920s and 1930s, the city was a tell- a great artificial hill over seven meters (23 feet) high composed of centuries of building and rebuilding mud-brick structures, one stacked on top of another. Chronology of Southern Mesopotamia The following chronology of Southern Mesopotamia is simplified somewhat from that suggested by the School of American Research Advanced Seminar in 2001, based primarily on pottery and other artifact styles and reported in Ur 2010. Old Babylonian (Late Bronze Age, 1800-1600 BC)Isin-Larsa Dynasties (Middle Bronze Age, 2000-1800 BC)Ur III (2100-2000 BC)Akkadian (Early Bronze Age, 2300-2100 BC)Early Dynastic I-III (Sumerian, 3000-2300 BC)Late Uruk (Late Chalcolithic, 3300-3000 BC)Middle Uruk (3800-3300 BC)Early Uruk  (4100-3800 BC)Late Ubaid (4400-4100 BC)Ubaid Period (5900-4400 BC) The earliest known occupations at Ur city date to the Ubaid period of the late 6th millennium BC. By about 3000 BC, Ur covered a total area of 15 ha (37 ac) including early temple sites. Ur reached its maximum size of 22 ha (54 ac) during the Early Dynastic Period of the early 3rd millennium BC  when Ur was one of the most important capitals of the Sumerian civilization. Ur continued as a minor capital for Sumer and succeeding civilizations, but during the 4th century BC, the Euphrates changed course, and the city was abandoned. Living in Sumerian Ur During Urs heyday in the Early Dynastic period, four main residential areas of the city included homes made of baked mud brick foundations arranged along long, narrow, winding streets and alleyways. Typical houses included an open central courtyard with two or more main living rooms in which the families resided. Each house had a domestic chapel where cult structures and the family burial vault was kept. Kitchens, stairways, workrooms, lavatories were all part of the household structures. The houses were packed in very tightly together, with exterior walls of one household immediately abutting the next one. Although the cities appear very closed off, the interior courtyards and wide streets provided light, and the close-set houses protected the exposure of the exterior walls to heating especially during the hot summers. Royal Cemetery Between 1926 and 1931, Woolleys investigations at Ur focused on the Royal Cemetery, where he eventually excavated approximately 2,100 graves, within an area of 70x55 m (230x180 ft): Woolley estimated there were up to three times as many burials originally. Of those, 660 were determined to be dated to the Early Dynastic IIIA (2600-2450 BC)period, and Woolley designated 16 of those as royal tombs. These tombs had a stone-built chamber with multiple rooms, where the principal royal burial was placed. Retainerspeople who presumably served the royal personage and were buried with him or herwere found in a pit outside of the chamber or adjacent to it. The largest of these pits, called death pits by Woolley, held the remains of 74 people. Woolley came to the conclusion that the attendants had willingly drunk some drug and then lay down in rows to go with their master or mistress. The most spectacular royal graves in Urs Royal Cemetery were those of Private Grave 800, belonging to a richly adorned queen identified as Puabi or Pu-abum, approximately 40 years old; and PG 1054 with an unidentified female. The largest death pits were PG 789, called the Kings Grave, and PG 1237, the Great Death Pit. the tomb chamber of 789 had been robbed in antiquity, but its death pit contained the bodies of 63 retainers. PG 1237 held 74 retainers, most of which were four rows of elaborately dressed women arranged around a set of musical instruments. Recent analysis (Baadsgaard and colleagues) of a sample of skulls from several pits at Ur suggests that, rather than being poisoned, the retainers were killed by blunt force trauma, as ritual sacrifices. After they were killed, an attempt was made to preserve the bodies, using a combination of heat treatment and the application of mercury; and then the bodies were dressed in their finery and laid in rows in the pits. Archaeology at the City of Ur Archaeologists associated with Ur included J.E. Taylor, H.C. Rawlinson, Reginald Campbell Thompson, and, most importantly, C. Leonard Woolley. Woolleys investigations of Ur lasted 12 years from 1922 and 1934, including five years focusing on the Royal Cemetery of Ur, including the graves of Queen Puabi and King Meskalamdug. One of his primary assistants was Max Mallowan, then married to mystery writer Agatha Christie, who visited Ur and based her Hercule Poirot novel   Murder in Mesopotamia on the excavations there. Important discoveries at Ur included the Royal Cemetery, where rich Early Dynastic burials were found by Woolley in the 1920s; and thousands of clay tablets impressed with cuneiform writing which describe in detail the lives and thoughts of Urs inhabitants. Sources Baadsgaard A, Monge J, Cox S, and Zettler RL. 2011.  Human sacrifice and intentional corpse preservation in the Royal Cemetery of Ur.  Antiquity 85(327):27-42.Dickson DB. 2006. Public Transcripts Expressed in Theatres of Cruelty: the Royal Graves at Ur in Mesopotamia.  Cambridge Archaeological Journal  16(2):123–144. Jansen M, Aulbach S, Hauptmann A, Hà ¶fer HE, Klein S, Krà ¼ger M, and Zettler RL. 2016. Platinum group placer minerals in ancient gold artifacts – Geochemistry and osmium isotopes of inclusions in Early Bronze Age gold from Ur/Mesopotamia. Journal of Archaeological Science 68:12-23.Kenoyer JM, Price TD, and Burton JH. 2013. A new approach to tracking connections between the Indus Valley and Mesopotamia: initial results of strontium isotope analyses from Harappa and Ur. Journal of Archaeological Science 40(5):2286-2297.Miller NF. 2013. Symbols of Fertility and Abundance in the Royal Cemetery at Ur, Iraq. American Journal of Archaeology 117(1):127- 133. Oates J, McMahon A, Karsgaard P, Al Quntar S, and Ur J. 2007. Early Mesopotamian urbanism: a new view from the north.  Antiquity  81:585-600. Rawcliffe C, Aston M, Lowings A, Sharp MC, and Watkins KG. 2005. Laser Engraving Gulf Pearl ShellAiding the Reconstruction of the Lyre of Ur.  Lacona VI.Shepperson M. 2009.  Planning for the sun: urban forms as a Mesopotamian response to the sun.  World Archaeology  41(3):363–378.Tengberg M, Potts DT, and Francfort H-P. 2008.  The golden leaves of Ur.  Antiquity  82:925-936.Ur J. 2014. Households and the emergence of cities in ancient Mesopotamia. Cambridge Archaeological Journal 24(2):249-268.Ur J, Karsgaard P, and Oates J. 2011. The Spatial Dimensions of Early Mesopotamian Urbanism: The Tell Brak Suburban Survey, 2003-2006. Iraq 73:1-19.

Free Essays on The Great Gatsby And The Taming Of The Shrew

Money, Love ,Aspiration In â€Å"The Great Gatsbyâ€Å" And â€Å"The Taming Of The Shrewâ€Å" It is often said that great minds think alike. We have Shakespeare being one of the greatest playwrites in time, and F.Scott Fitzgerald being one of America's most famous authors. So it would not be surprising to say that both author and playwrite wrote works which were quite comparable even today, despite the time difference in which they were written. Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew takes place in Elizabethan England as Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby is set in America in the 1920's. Both pieces however endow characters which show similar characteristics and if carefully analyzed show recurring themes of Love, Money and Aspiration in many similar aspects. One recurring theme that is evident throughtout both pieces is love as both authors try to point out to their readers that what you see is not always what you get. This is apparent with Shakespeare's character of Lucentio in the taming of the shrew. Lucentio is an ambitous individual whos impulsive behaviour makes him a prime target for a seemingly beautiful and fair lady named Bianca, the daughter of a wealthy man named Baptista Minola. After seeing Bianca for the first time in a crowded marketplace, lucentio falls in love with Bianca at first sight and vows to marry her because she is so "virutous and fair". Similarily, in the great gatsby the main character by the name of Gatsby falls hopelessly in love with a wealthy woman named Daisy, after knowing her for a very little time. Gatsby, like Lucentio, vows to achieve Daisy and in the midst of his dream he is unable to see the reality of the situation. A world in which Daisy has moved on from their past relationship, gotten marrie d, and even given birth to a daughter. However, Gatsby is so obsessively tangled in his hopes of love that he fails to s... Free Essays on The Great Gatsby And The Taming Of The Shrew Free Essays on The Great Gatsby And The Taming Of The Shrew Money, Love ,Aspiration In â€Å"The Great Gatsbyâ€Å" And â€Å"The Taming Of The Shrewâ€Å" It is often said that great minds think alike. We have Shakespeare being one of the greatest playwrites in time, and F.Scott Fitzgerald being one of America's most famous authors. So it would not be surprising to say that both author and playwrite wrote works which were quite comparable even today, despite the time difference in which they were written. Shakespeare's The Taming of the Shrew takes place in Elizabethan England as Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby is set in America in the 1920's. Both pieces however endow characters which show similar characteristics and if carefully analyzed show recurring themes of Love, Money and Aspiration in many similar aspects. One recurring theme that is evident throughtout both pieces is love as both authors try to point out to their readers that what you see is not always what you get. This is apparent with Shakespeare's character of Lucentio in the taming of the shrew. Lucentio is an ambitous individual whos impulsive behaviour makes him a prime target for a seemingly beautiful and fair lady named Bianca, the daughter of a wealthy man named Baptista Minola. After seeing Bianca for the first time in a crowded marketplace, lucentio falls in love with Bianca at first sight and vows to marry her because she is so "virutous and fair". Similarily, in the great gatsby the main character by the name of Gatsby falls hopelessly in love with a wealthy woman named Daisy, after knowing her for a very little time. Gatsby, like Lucentio, vows to achieve Daisy and in the midst of his dream he is unable to see the reality of the situation. A world in which Daisy has moved on from their past relationship, gotten marrie d, and even given birth to a daughter. However, Gatsby is so obsessively tangled in his hopes of love that he fails to s...

WSJ Article Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

WSJ Article Review - Essay Example nd ambition (Fairclough, 2009)† in China represents purchasing power and the fittest customer profile that comprises Ford’s strategy in the country. â€Å"Mei,† as the marketing executives coined this group, means beautiful in Chinese. According to the article, Mei is comprised of the â€Å"twenty-something, college-educated single women (Fairclough).† Furthermore, Mei â€Å"earns 880 to $1,500 a month and wants her first car (Fairclough).† The point of view of the target market â€Å"Mei† is showcased by the individual answers of the members of the target market when asked about their lifestyle. â€Å"Mei’s† stance on living and her view of herself is coined by these answers from the members of the target market. This article is very important to marketing management as it highlights the marketing practices of organizations. By showing certain organizations take the theory and put into real life situations, results can be evaluated afterward in order to strengthen the theories that the company has used. Targeting is shown in the article as the company chooses â€Å"Mei† and coins her into a certain group comprising the same demographics and psychographics which are likely to purchase the product. The logic of choosing the target market first, then probing their lifestyle and knowing them well through consumer research such as Ford’s immersion event is shown in relation to the crafting of appropriate marketing communications plan in order to build a position in the target market’s mind. The article incorporates contemporary trends of marketing that links between consumer behavior through research, marketing strategy, branding and integrated marketing communication in fulfillment of a corporate objective for the company. The logic of the article can be traced back to looking for the right target market, where Ford has chosen â€Å"Mei.† Then, by doing innovative consumer research such as the immersion event apart from the pluralistic researches that

Self evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Self evaluation - Essay Example ffective communication skills enhance the effectiveness of the professional training in human services thereby ensuring that I know how to communicate to specific audiences. I will have the concept and mechanism of communicating thereby develop reliable professional relationships. I am a respectful individual who will uphold the ethical values and the dignity of human life. I understand that I will work with vulnerable individuals in the society. My respectful personality that arises from the values I uphold will ensure that I maintain productive relationships both with the patients and colleagues thus improve the success of the programs. Furthermore, such a personality ensures that I endear to my clients who will in turn trust and open up to me thus making helping them easier (Dewane, 2005). Finally, I am a tolerant individual capable of tolerating people from various backgrounds. I maintain peace when interacting with people and strive to pay attention to their demands. I often speak after understanding the nature of my audience. Tolerance is an important feature in human services since the profession requires interacting and helping people from diverse backgrounds. The people often portray unique personalities and may behave different. As a tolerant individual, I have the ability to interact with such people and help win their trust thus help them appropriately. Unfortunately, I have a number of weakness key among which is my small physique, which may hamper the need to undertake strenuous activities in order to reach people especially in time of calamities (Neukrug, 2001). Despite such, I am a skilled driver, can operate a number of machinery, and will therefore prove helpful in a number of ways during such situations. I lack endurance to strenuous activities and companies. While I am a tolerant individual, I do not like engaging in strenuous activities that cause either physical or psychological exhaustion. The personality is a major impediment to work in

Operation Hope unethical partnership decision with Union Bank and Nix Essay

Operation Hope unethical partnership decision with Union Bank and Nix Check Cashing - Essay Example Union Bank of California has entered in to partnership with Operation Hope which is a non-profit making organization and also Nix Check Cashing to offer financial services to low-income households. Many residents have low incomes thus consider savings-oriented services less attractive. Bryant of Operation Hope is initially reluctant to join the Union/Nix ownership model that includes financial literacy and market opportunities for Union Bank. Surprisingly, Operation Hope becomes the first non-governmental organization to sell 40 percent of its Hope Center in Willowbrook to a financial institution. This partnership links a bank which provides high interest payday loans to Operation Hope that is supposed to safeguard the welfare of the community b y providing services to low income households. The banking officers are reluctant to offer short term loans. The partnership may expose customer privacy information since Union Bank may share customer confidential information with Nix and Ope ration Hope. Nix employees are inefficient and have to give a 10 day waiting period before processing the loans. According to Union Bank, the aim of the partnership is to create 6,000 new bank customers and provide 750,000 ATM transactions (Bradley 7). Though from the Union Bank should comply with 1977 community Reinvestment Act by meeting the credit needs of communities. Nix alliance has compromised the role of Operation Hope since it cannot play a public watchdog role while it is a partner to the partnership. The construction of the partnership is aimed at ensuring profitability and success of Union Bank and Nix Check Cashing. The partnership agreement between the three institutions is unethical. The partnership is geared at increasing the profitability of Union Bank and meeting regulatory requirements like Community Reinvestment Act which requires Union Bank to offer services to communities (Bradley 7). Virtue ethics According to virtue ethics, the current state of affairs is une thical since it is not guided by ethical virtues. The virtues of Operation Hope management require them to act in a virtuous manner and act as community watchdog. Operation Hope as a non-profit institution should not enter in to a partnership which seeks to exploit the local low income households by providing expensive financial services. Operation hope should have avoided a partnership that has the potential of exposing private customer information and contravening human dignity virtues. In order to safeguard community welfare, Operation Hope should display virtues such as integrity, compassion, wisdom and courage and reject any partnership that seeks to provide expensive loans to low income households. According to Aristotle, the virtue ethics will consist of the mean between the extremes of excess and deficiency which are vices but some actions have no extremes like murder since it is virtuously wrong (Bowie 87). According to Aristotle, pleasure will impede ethical choices. For i nstance, the management of Operation Hope has acted with fear in order to uphold the partnership instead of safeguarding the community welfare. Union Bank is also unethical in its decision to partner with Nix and Operation Hope since its main objective is to adhere to requirements of Community Reinvestment Act and increase market share and profitability and not to provide the cheap loans required by the low income households. Union Bank decision is unethical since it only wants to increase market share at the expense of the society welfare. The decision of Operation Hope to join the partnership has been motivated by the pleasure of being associated with Union Bank which is a reputable Wall Street institution and Nix which is well known for cashing services. The partnership is unethical since it only promotes profit interests of Union Bank shareholders and not common interests of the low income ho